Guide to optical measurements

techniques, benefits, and sector-specific applications

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Optical measurements make it possible to characterize light and matter with unmatched precision, non-contact, and in real time. Today, they are essential for aerospace, agri-food, biomedical, environmental, manufacturing, and infrastructure sectors. Download our free guide to learn more about the methods, their benefits, and their use cases.

What You Will Learn

  • The fundamentals: reflection, transmission, absorption, scattering, colorimetry,
  • The methods: spectrophotometry, spectroradiometry, interferometry, FTIR, radiometry/photometry,
  • Industry use cases: requirements, examples, and typical equipment,
  • How to choose the right technique based on your needs (quality, compliance, system performance).

Technical level

Key Benefits

  • Reliability: traceable and reproducible measurements,
  • Cost reduction: early detection of non-conformities,
  • Speed: real-time inspection, often in-line.

Applications by Sector

  • Aerospace & Defense: optical component quality control, system performance, coating analysis,
  • Agri-Food: contaminant detection, ripeness/freshness control, greenhouse lighting optimization,
  • Biomedical & Pharmaceutical: imaging, diagnostics, sealed packaging, regulatory compliance,
  • Environment & Resources: pollutant detection, wood and mineral classification,
  • Manufacturing: dimensional inspection, surface roughness, 3D scanning,
  • Transport & Infrastructure: LiDAR, lighting photometry, road, bridge, and tunnel inspection.

Frequently asked questions

What is an optical measurement?

A method that uses light to characterize an object, material, or system—often non-contact and with very high precision.

What are the benefits compared to traditional methods?

  • Preserves fragile surfaces (non-contact).
  • Fast, real-time results,
  • Extremely precise (from nanometer to millimeter scale),
  • Suitable from laboratory to production environments.

Which methods are covered in the guide?

  • Reflection/transmission spectrum.
  • Emission spectrum.
  • Surface accuracy (interferometry).
  • Transmitted wavefront error.
  • MTF (resolution/contrast).
  • Radiometry/photometry.
  • Colorimetry.

Who should read this guide?

Engineers, quality/production managers, researchers, buyers, and decision-makers in the industries listed above.

Do you offer measurement services?

Yes. INO provides metrology, guidance in equipment selection, and the development of custom solutions.

Why INO?

  • Recognized expertise in optics and photonics,
  • World-class laboratories and equipment,
  • Application-driven and industry-focused approach.

Download your complete reference guide

To learn more about the application of these technologies and custom solutions, download our full guide.